Yes, it's possible that accumulated crud from 20 years of using non-detergent oil can be released by switching to detergent oil. However, if the rings are tight and it doesn't burn oil you may be able to convert it to detergent oil but you will need to faithfully change oil filters regularly to get the suspended crud out of the engine. If you notice an increase in oil usage I think I would switch back to non-detergent oil rather than push the issue. The real concern here, though, is the oil pump screen. If that gets clogged then you could have real problems, if not noticed in time.
So, after all that, perhaps the prudent thing to do would be to drop the pan and see how clean, or not clean, it is inside there. If it's fairly clean then give it a try but if it's fairly cruddy then I would try to stick with non-detergent (which is getting more difficult to find).
Larry